Influence of population density and access to sanitation on Covid-19 in Mozambique. Rev. Ang. de Ciênc. da Saúde. 2021 Jan – Jul ; 2 (1): 3-8

facilities per province in the Mozambique Public Expenditure Review 2014 21 , and the number of confirmedcases from the Ministry of Health’s COVID -19 daily bulletin number 332 22 . JASP 0.13.1.0 (University ofAmsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2020) computed Pearson correlations. Microsoft Excel 2016(Microsoft Corporation, Washington DC, USA, 2016) was used to perform curve fitting between the number ofconfirmed cases of COVID-19 and the other two variables and analyze the determination coefficients. MaputoCity was included in the study because it is administratively a province.

Table 1 - Mozambique’s provinces, population densities, percentage of people with ac cess to sanitation facilities, and thenumber of COVID-19 confirmed cases by 8 February 2021

Province

Maputo City

MaputoProvince Gaza

Inhambane

Manica

Sofala

Tete

Zambézia

Nampula

Cabo Delgado

Niassa

Density (inhabitants/km 2 ) 3,131

87

19

22

31

33

27

49

73

28

14

Sources: Maunze et al.

20 ,

People with access to sanitation facilities (%) 73

46

32

17

20

22

17

6

21

6

28

The World Bank Group

21 ,

COVID-19 confirmed cases

21,828

7,236

2,646

2,469

1,724

2,576

1,528

2,641

1,617

1,976

1,549

and Ministério da Saúde 22 .

As Figure 1 shows, the number of COVID-19 confirmed cases showed significant Pearson correlationswith the population density ( p = 0.037) and the percentage of people with access to sanitation ( p = 0.031).However, both correlations did not differ much in value.

Wondershare

Figure 1. Correlation matrix between population density, percentage of people with access to sanitation, and the number ofconfirmed cases by 8 February 2021 in Mozambique. Note: inh/sq. km = inhabitants/km2; % of sanitation = percentage ofpeople with access to sanitation.

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